Steven A. GaranSteven A. Garan is the Director of Bioinformatics at CREA and serves on it's Advisory Board, he is also a researcher at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. While at the University of California, Berkeley, he played a major role in the invention and the development of the Automated Imaging Microscope System (AIMS). While at UC Berkeley, Garan collaborated for many years with a group from Paola S. Timiras's lab, on the role that caloric restriction plays in maintaining estrogen receptor-alpha and IGH-1 receptor immunoreactivity in various nuclei of the mouse hypothalamus. Garan was also the director of the Aging Research Centre, and is a leading scientist in the field of aging research. His numerous publications, include articles on systems biology, the effects of caloric restriction on the mouse hypothalamus and on the Automated Imaging Microscope System (AIMS). He is best known for the coining of word "Phenomics", which was defined in an abstract titled: "Phenomics: a new direction for the study of neuroendocrine aging", that was published in the journal Experimental Gerontology.
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Research
Steven A. Garan, was the lead scientists that developed the AIMS system along with Warren Freitag, Jason Neudorf and members of the UC Berkeley lab where AIMS was developed and utilized. Many journals articles have been published about the system and the results that it produced. Since the completion of the first version in 1998, newer versions were developed, with the final version being completed in 2007. Empowering investigators to accurately count specific cell populations is essential to all fields of neurobiology. While computer assisted counting technology has been in use for over a decade, advances in an Automated Imaging Microscope System (AIMS), now insure 97% accuracy when comparing computer counts to human counts for both nuclear and cytoplasmic stained tissue. More importantly, regional analysis can now be customized so that only cell populations within specified anatomic regions will be targeted for counting, thus reducing the background noise of non-immunoreactive cells when characterizing specific cell populations. This application was recently used to successfully map the density and distribution of both nuclear expressed estrogen receptor-alpha and cytoplasmicly expressed IGF-1 receptor in specific hypothalamic nuclei. Furthermore, AIMS can now detect intra-hypothalamic differences in receptor expression and measure phenomenon such as lateralization. By using this technology, the evaluation of tissue-level biology can be used to establish neuroendocrine biomarkers of aging, and analyze the neuroendocrine effects of caloric restriction and gene knockout models that extend the lifespan.
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An early version of AIMS being demonstaited at NASA life science center, in Mountain View, California
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Publications
- Using natural language parsing and artificial intelligence techniques to initiate a phase change to biological knowledge
Steven Garan, Mark Farrell, Teyden Nguyen, Jeremy Wan, Ziyun He, Ying Xu and George Brooks
FASEB Journal. 2015;29:814.13.
- A physiological model of the hunger response in humans
Steven A. Garan, Andrew Preecha, Shuzhang Sun, Randall White, Aaron Schwartz, Rita Barakat, Gizem Efe, Puhan He, Steven Tan, Justin Peng, Joshua Nowak, Sadaf Mehdizadeh, Armita Kadivar and George Brooks
FASEB Journal. 2015;29:814.12.
- An interactive quantitative temporal physiological model of glucose passage and absorption through the gastrointestinal tract and subsequent modulation of insulin and glucagon secretion in humans;
Steven A. Garan, Shuzhang Sun, Hashroop K. Gurm, Alexander Chen, Anensshiya Govinthasamy, Kimberly D. Pham, Gizem Efe, Tiffany H. Chen, Shivam Sachaphimukh, Sheba Plamthottam, Benyam Goitom, Nabhojit Banerjee, Randall White, Behnaz Ahmed, Aida Sarcon, Warren Freitag, Luc J. C. van Loon and George A. Brooks
FASEB Journal. 2013;27:1213.2.
- Glomerular filtration rate in the context of type 2 diabetes, simulated in an
interactive quantitative temporal physiological mode;
Steven Andrew Garan, Shuzhang Sun, Hashroop K. Gurm, Kimberly D. Pham,
Anensshiya Govinthasamy, Tiffany H. Chen, Sheba Plamthottam, Warren Freitag,
Benyam Goitom, Randall White, Shivam Sachaphimukh, Behnaz Ahmed,
Gizem Efe, Nabhojit Banerjee Yoyo Tsai
Endocrine Society's 95th Conference Proceedings, June 2013, MON-766.
- CREAL: A language for describing biological systems from a macro to a molecular scale;
S.A. Garan, A. Sarcon, A. Chen, E. Lu, H.K. Gurm, S. Gunther, B.C. Zheng, J. Zhu, N. Banerjee, A. Govinthasamy, R. Neumann, W. Freitag, G.A. Brooks
FASEB Journal. 2012; 26:717.
- Visualizing hypothalamic interactions with anatomic, mechanistic and pathway hierarchies that regulate the aging process;
S.A. Garan, W. Freitag, M. Siddiqui, A. Siddiqui
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 46, Issues 2-3, February-March 2011, Pages 209-210
- Estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactivity in the arcuate hypothalamus of young and middle-aged female mice;
Yaghmaie F, Saeed O, Garan SA, Voelker MA, Sternberg H, Timiras PS;
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2010 Feb 16;31(1):15.
- An automated method of performing neuropsychological tests in studying gustatory reward circuitry;
A.M. Gouw, S.A. Garan, W. Freitag, J.D. Woolley;
Rejuvenation Research. September 2009: page S-31
- The plasticity of neural cell reprogramming: Role of growth factors in inducing neuroglia to neuron and to neural precursor cell;
A.M. Gouw, K. Mahuron, S. Manandhar, A. Tin, S.A. Garan, P. Hakimi, P.S. Timiras;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 44, Issues 1-2, January-February 2009, Page 129
- Shortest path algorithms combined with natural language parsing, map pathways involved in neuroendocrine aging;
S.A. Garan, W. Freitag, A.M. Gouw, B. Rizvi, S. Prashad, V. Csapo;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 44, Issues 1-2, January-February 2009, Page 129
- The Potential Role of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Curcumin in Transforming Neuroglia into Neurons;
AM Gouw, H Panchal, K Mahuron, H Wadhwani, S Manandhar, SA Garan, A Tin, PS Timiras;
Endocrine Society's 90th Conference Proceedings, June 2008, Page 364
- A computational systems biology approach to neuroendocrine aging: Initial results;
S.A. Garan, W. Freitag, V. Csapo, P. Chrysler, B. Rizvi and N. Shewaramani;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 42, Issues 1-2 , January-February 2007, Page 142
- Age-dependent loss of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor immunoreactive cells in the supraoptic hypothalamus is reduced in calorically restricted mice;
Yaghmaie F, Saeed O, Garan SA, Voelker MA, Gouw AM, Freitag W, Sternberg H, Timiras PS.;
Neurology & Neurosurgery, Para. 488, Page 99, Sec. 8, Vol 152.2, 2007
- Novel methods in computer-assisted tissue analysis: Customized regional targeting of both cytoplasmic and nuclear-stained tissue;
S.A. Garan, F. Yaghmaie, O. Saeed, A.M. Gouw, W. Freitag, M.A. Voelker, P. Jafar, J. Kaur and S. Nijjar;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 42, Issues 1-2, January-February 2007, Pages 141-142
- Tracking changes in hypothalamic IGF-1 sensitivity with aging and caloric restriction;
F. Yaghmaie, O. Saeed, S.A. Garan, A.M. Gouw, P. Jafar, J. Kaur, S. Nijjar, P.S. Timiras, H. Sternberg and M.A. Voelker;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 42, Issues 1-2 , January-February 2007, Pages 11-12.
- Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor immunoreactive cells are selectively maintained in the paraventricular hypothalamus of calorically restricted mice;
Saeed O, Yaghmaie F, Garan SA, Gouw AM, Voelker MA, Sternberg H, Timiras PS.;
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2007 Feb;25(1):23-8
- Age-dependent loss of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor immunoreactive cells in the supraoptic hypothalamus is reduced in calorically restricted mice;
Yaghmaie F, Saeed O, Garan SA, Voelker MA, Gouw AM, Freitag W, Sternberg H, Timiras PS.;
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2006 Nov;24(7):431-6.
- A study of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor immunoreactivity in the supraoptic nucleus of young and old female B6D2F1 mice;
Farzin Yaghmaie, Omar Saeed, Steven A. Garan, Arvin M. Gouw, Tien Tran, Jacqueline Ho, Liu Y. Zhao, Mark A. Voelker and Paola S. Timiras;
FASEB Journal, April 2006, 357.5
- Caloric restriction reduces cell loss and maintains estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactivity in the pre-optic hypothalamus of female B6D2F1 mice;
Yaghmaie F, Saeed O, Garan SA, Freitag W, Timiras PS, Sternberg H;
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2005 Jun;26(3):197-203.
- A survey of estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus of young, old, and old-calorie restricted female B6D2F1 mice;
F. Yaghmaie, S.A. Garan, O. Saeed, W. Freitag, P.S. Timiras, H. Sternberg, M. Voelker;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 39, Issues 11-12, November-December 2004, Page 1771
- Towards a self-learning, self-assembling systemic map of neuroendocrine aging;
S.A. Garan, W. Freitag, F. Yaghmaie, B. Oster, P. Chrysler, R. Bacinello, K. Honeyford, P. Yaghmaie, M., Voelker, P.S. Timiras;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 39, Issues 11-12, November-December 2004, Page 1767
- Phenomics: a new direction for the study of neuroendocrine aging;
S.A. Garan, W. Freitag, F. Yaghmaie, B. Oster, P.S. Timiras;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 38 (2003), Issues 1-2, Page 218
- A comparison of estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactivity in the arcuate hypothalamus of young and middle-aged C57BL6 female mice;
Yaghmaie F, Garan SA, Massaro M, Timiras PS;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 38 (2003), Issues 1-2, Page 220
- Creating Three-Dimensional Neuronal Maps of the Mouse Hypothalamus Using an Automated Imaging Microscope System;
Garan SA, Neudorf J, Tonkin J, McCook LR, Timiras PS.;
Experimental Gerontology, Volume 35 numbers 9-10, December 2000, page 1421
- Automated Imaging Microscope System;
Jason Neudorf and Steven A. Garan;
Linux Journal 2000, Issue 70, Februrary, Page 32-35